Đề bài

So sánh: a) \({2^{24}}\) và \({2^{16}}\); b) \({\left( { - \dfrac{1}{5}} \right)^{300}}\) và \({\left( { - \dfrac{1}{3}} \right)^{500}}\); c) \({\left( {\dfrac{{32}}{{17}}} \right)^{15}}\) và \({\left( {\dfrac{{17}}{{31}}} \right)^{30}}\).

Lời giải chi tiết

a) \({2^{24}}\) và \({2^{16}}\)Ta có: 24 > 16 nên \({2^{24}}\) > \({2^{16}}\).b) \({\left( { - \dfrac{1}{5}} \right)^{300}}\) và \({\left( { - \dfrac{1}{3}} \right)^{500}}\)Ta có:\({\left( { - \dfrac{1}{5}} \right)^{300}} = {\left( { - \dfrac{1}{5}} \right)^{{3^{100}}}} = {\left( { - \dfrac{{{1^3}}}{{{5^3}}}} \right)^{100}} = {\left( { - \dfrac{1}{{125}}} \right)^{100}} = {\left( {\dfrac{1}{{125}}} \right)^{100}}\)\({\left( { - \dfrac{1}{3}} \right)^{500}} = {\left( { - \dfrac{1}{3}} \right)^{{5^{100}}}} = {\left( { - \dfrac{{{1^5}}}{{{3^5}}}} \right)^{100}} = {\left( { - \dfrac{1}{{243}}} \right)^{100}} = {\left( {\dfrac{1}{{243}}} \right)^{100}}\)Mà \(\dfrac{1}{{125}} > \dfrac{1}{{243}}\) nên: \({\left( {\dfrac{1}{{125}}} \right)^{100}} > {\left( {\dfrac{1}{{243}}} \right)^{100}}\).\( \Rightarrow {\left( { - \dfrac{1}{125}} \right)^{100}}\) < \({\left( { - \dfrac{1}{243}} \right)^{100}}\)Vậy \({\left( { - \dfrac{1}{5}} \right)^{300}}\) < \({\left( { - \dfrac{1}{3}} \right)^{500}}\).c) \({\left( {\dfrac{{32}}{{17}}} \right)^{15}}\) và \({\left( {\dfrac{{17}}{{31}}} \right)^{30}}\). Ta có:\(\dfrac{{32}}{{17}} > 1 \Rightarrow {\left( {\dfrac{{32}}{{17}}} \right)^{15}} > 1\)\(0 < \dfrac{{17}}{{31}} < 1 \Rightarrow {\left( {\dfrac{{17}}{{31}}} \right)^{30}} < 1\)Suy ra: \({\left( {\dfrac{{17}}{{31}}} \right)^{30}} < 1 < {\left( {\dfrac{{32}}{{17}}} \right)^{15}}\).Vậy \({\left( {\dfrac{{32}}{{17}}} \right)^{15}}\) > \({\left( {\dfrac{{17}}{{31}}} \right)^{30}}\).